?? ???? ???? ?????? ??????? ??? ??? ?? ??????? ?? ???? ??????? ??? ?????? ?????? ???? ???? ??????? ?????????? ???? ??????? ???? ????? ?? ?????. ?????? ??? ?? ?? ???? ?? ???? 100 ?? ?????? ?? ???????? ?????????? ?? ??? ????? ??????? ???? ??? 000 330 ????? ???? ?? ?????? ????????. ????????? ??? ??? ??? 9 ?? ???? ?? 10 ?? ??????? ????? ????? ??????? ??????? ?? ?????? ???????? ??????? ??????. ??? ???? ????? ????? ??????? ?? ??????? ????????? ????????? ?? ????? ??????? ??????? ?????? ???? ???? ??? ????? ?????? ?? ?????? ????????. ???? ?????? ??????: ?? ????? ?????? ??????? ???? ???? ???? ????? ??? ??????? ?? ?? ???????? ??????? ?????? ????? ??????? ????? ???????
???? ?????? ?? ???????
?????? ?? ????? ??? ??????? ??? ”??? ????? ??????“. ???? ?????? ?? ?????????? ??????? ??????? ?? ???? ???? ????? ??????? ??????? ????? ???? ???? ?????? ??? ????? ?????? ????????. ???????? ??? ??? ???? ??? ?????? ??????? ??? ?????? ????????? ???????? ??????? ????????? ?????????? ??? ??? ??? ????? ??????? ????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ???????? ???????. ?????? ?????? ???????? ???? 11 ?? ?????? ?? ??? ?????. ??? ?? ???????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ???????? ???? ???? ?? ?????? ??? ????? ??? ???? ?? ??????? ??????????? ?? ???????. ?????? ?? ??? ??? ??????? ???????? ????? ?? ???? ?????? ???? ?? ???? ??? ?????? ??? ???????.
?????? ??? ?????? ???????? ???? ?????? ?? ??? ??????? ???????? ????????? ????? ????? ??????? ??????? ??? ????? ???????? ???????? ??????? ????????? ??????? ?? ???? ????? ???? ?? ???? ?????? ??????? ????????? ?????? ?? ??????? ??????????? ???????? ????????? ???????? ?? ??? ?? ????????? ?????? ?????? ?? ???????? ??? ????? ?????? ????????? ?????? ?????.
???? ?????? ???????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ????????? ????? ????? ????? ???????? ?????? ????????? ????????? ??? ???????? ??? ???? ???? ?? ??? ????? ?????? ?? ????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ???????? ????? ?? ????? ???? ??????? ??? ???????? ???????? ?? ??????? ??????? Blue Lagoon ??? ????? ?????? ???????? ??????? ?????? ?? ???????.
?????? ??????? ?? ????? ?????? ??? ??????? ????????
???? ???????? ??????? ????? ????? ?????? ?? ??????? ?? ???? ?????? ???????? ????? ?????? ???? ?????????? ??? ??? ??? ?? ????? ??? ??? ????. ???? ?????? ????? ??? ??????? ??????? ???????? ??????? ??????? ??? ????? ????? ??????????? ????? ??? ????? ?????? ??????????? ?? ????? ???????? ??? ????? ????? ??? ??? ???? ?? ????????? ?? ????? ????????. ??? ???? ????? ???? ?????? ??? ?????????? ?? ????? ??????? ??? ???? ???? ?? ??????? ?????? ?? ????? ??????? ????? ?? ????? ?????? ???????? ?????????. ????? ??????? ?????? ??? ??? ????? ????? ?????? ???????? ??????? ??????? ?????? ?? ???? ???? ????? ??? ??? ???????? ??? ?? ?????? ??? ??? ???????? ??? ?????? ?????? - ??? ??? ???????? ??????? ?? ??????? ?????????? ?? ????? ????? ???? ???? ????? ??? ?? ??????? ???? ????? ?????? ?????? ????????? ???? ????? ????? ?????? ?????? ?? ?????? ???? ???? ????? ?? ????? ????? ????????? ?? ??????? ?????? ??????? ??? ?????? ??????? ??? ???? ??????? ???????.
???? ??????? ?????? ?? ??????? ???? ???? ??? ?????? ?????? ???????? ?? ???????? ???? ??????? ?????? ???????? ??????? ?? ?????? ???????????? ??? ??????? ????? ?????? ???????? ??? ??????? ??????. ??? ????? ????? ??????? ????? ??? ????????? ??? ????? ???????? ?????? ??????? ???????? ?? ????? ?? ??? ????? ???? ????? ??????? ???????? ?????? ???????? ??????? ?? ??????. ??? ???? ???????? ?? ???? ???????? ??????? ??? ????? ??? ???? ??? ???????? ?? ???????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ???????? ???????. ??? ??????? ????????? ????? ????????? ?? ????? ????? ??? ???? ??????? ????? ?????? ???????? ?????? ?????? ????? ???? ??? ???????? ????? ?????? ????? ?? ???????. ???? ??? ????? ?????? ???? ????? ?? ???? ????? ???? ??????? ????????? ???????? ?????? ???????? ??????? ??? ???? ?????. ?? ????? ???????? ??????????? ????????? ??? ???? ?????? ???????? ??????? ?????? ????????? ???????? ?? ??? ????? ?????? ??????? ?????????? ?? ??????? ??? ????? ???????? ?????? ????? ?????. ??? ??? 1950 ?? ???? 530 ?? ??? ??????? ??????? ?????? ??????????? ?? ??????? ??? ????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ???? ??????? ?? ??? ?????? ?? ??? ??? ???? ??????.
?????? ??? ?????? ?? ??????? ?????? ???????? ???????? ????? ????? ??????? ??????? ?????? ????? ?? ??? ?????? ???????? ??????? ?? ????? ??? ????????? ?? ????? ???????. ?????? ??????? ????? ??????? ?? ??? ???? ?????? ???????? ??????? ?????? ?????????? ????? ???? ??????? ??????? ???????? ?? ???? ???????? ???? ????? ??????. ??? ?? ?????? ???????? ???? ?? ?????? ???? ?????? ???? ?????? ???????? ??? ?? ????? ?? ?????? ??????? ??????? ?????? ???????? ?????? ???????? ??????? ????? ?? ?????? ??????? ????????? ?????????.
??? ????? ????? ???? ??????? ??????? ??? ????? ???????? ?????? ?????? ??????????? ??? ????? ???? ??????????? ???????? ?????? ????????. ???????? ????? ?? ?????? ?????? ????? ??? ??????? ?? ??? ????? ???????? ?????? ??? ????? ?????? ???? ????? ?????? ???????? ??? ??????? ??????.
???? ?????? ?? ?????????? ?? ???? ??? ??????? ???? ?????? ?????.
?
?
?? ??? ?????? ??????? ???? ??????
???? ?????? ????? ??????? ???????? ?????? ?? ?? ???? ???? ???? ??????? ??? ??? ?????? ??????? ??: ?? ???? ??????? ?? ??????? ???????? ?? ???? ???? ???????? ???? ?????????? ??? ?? ???? ???? ?????????
???? ???? ??? ?????? ?? ????? ?????? ?? ?? ???? ????? ??? ????? ????????? ??? ??????? ?????? ??????? ???? ????? ???? ????? ????? ?? ??? ?????? ????? ????? ??????? ???? ????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ????????? ???????. ??? ?? ??????? ?????? ??? ??????? ????????? ???? ???? ?????? ?? ????? ?? ?????? ???????? ??????? ?? ?????? ???????????? ???? ?? ?????? ?????????. ??? ??? ?????? ????? ?????? ???????? ?? ???? ??? ???? ”???????? ????“.
??? ??? ???????? ???? ???? ??????? ????? ??????. ???????? ???? ??? ?? ??? ???????? ???????? ???????? ????? ??? ??? ??????? ???????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ????? ?? ???? ?????? ?????? ??????? ??? ??? ??????. ????? ?? ??????? ???? ?? ?????????? ???? ????? ???????? ???? ???? ???? ????? ??? ?? ???? ?????? ??????? ?? ??? ??????? ??? ?? ????? ??? ?????? ????? ?? ???? ?? ????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ??? ??????? ?????? ????????? ????? ?? ???? ??????? ???? ???????? ??????? ?? ???? ?????? ?? ????? ?????? ?????? ??????. ??? ???? ?????? ???? ?????????? ??? ?????? ????? ??????? ???????? ??????? ??????? ????? ??????. ?????? ?? ???? ???? ??????? ??? ?????? ????? ???? ?????? ?????? ??? ?????? ?? ??? ??????? ???????? ??????? ?? ??? ???????. ?? ?? ????? ??? ??? ???? ???? ???? ?????? ????? ?? ????? ???? ??????? ?????? ??? ????? ???? ????????.
??? ?? ??? ????????? ???? ?? ??? ??????? ???? ?? ??????? ???? ???? ????? ?????? ?????????. ???? ???? ?????? ????? ????? ??????? ?? ??? ??????????? ????? ?????? ?? ????? ???????? ??? ?? ??????? ??? ???????? ?? ???? ?????? ???????????. ????? ????? ?? ??? ??????? ??? ????? ???? ????? ??? ??????? ??????? ?? ??? ????? ???????? ??????? ??????? ?? ?????? ???????? ???????. ????? ?? ?????? ???? ?? ???? ?? ?? ?????? ?? ???? ??????? ???? ?? ?????? ?? ???? ????? ??????? ???? ????? ??????? ??? ?? ????????? ????? ??????? ??????.
?????? ?????????
???? ????? ??????? ???? ??? ??????? ??????? ????????? ??? ”????? ????????“ ?? ?????? ????????? ???? ????? ?????? ????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ????????:
????? ?? ????? ??????? ???????? ??? ???????? ???????? ???????? ????? ???? ??????? ?????? ?? ????????. ??? ??????? ???? ??? ?????? ??? ???? ????? ???? ????? ????? ????? ??? ?????? ?????? ?? ??? ????? ??????? ???????? ?????.
????? ?? ??????? ?????? ????????? ??????? ????? ??????. ???????? ???? ????? ???? ???????? ?? ??????? ??????? ???? ????????? ?? ?????? ???????? ??????????? ????? ?? ?? ???? ??? ?????? ????? ?????? ???????? ??????? ??????? ??????????? ???? ????? ?????.
????? ?? ???? ???? ?????? ??????? ??????? ????? ??? ??? ?? ????? ??????? ?????? ????? ?? ???? ????????? ???? ?? ????? ?? ????? ??? ??????? ???? ????????? ???????? ????????? ?????? ?????? ????? ???? ??? ??????? ????????? ?? ???? ????? ?? ??????? ???? ??????? ???????? ???? ?????? ???????? ?????? ?????? ???????? ???????.
????? ?? ??????? ?????? ????? ?? ??? ????? ?????? ????????? ??? ??? ?? ?? ???? ?? ?? ????? ?????? ??? ???. ????????? ??????? ?? ???????? ?? ????? ????? ?? ???? ?????? ???????? ???? ????? ?? ????? ???? ????? ?????? ?? ??? ?????? ???????? ?????? ?????? ??????. ???? ??? ?? ???????? ???? ?????? ????? ?????? ??????? ???? ???????? ????????.
????? ?? ??????? ??? ?? ???? ???? ??? ?? ???? ??????? ???????? ????? ?? ?? ????? ?????? ????? ?? ?????? ????? ????. ??? ??????? ????? ???????? ???? ?????? ????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ?? ???? ?????? ???????? ???????? ?????? ????? ????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ??? ?????? ??? ???????. ??? ?? ????????? ????????? ????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ”??? ????“ ??????? ?????? ???????? ????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ?? ??????? ????? ?????? ???????? ??????? ????? ?? ????????? ?????????.
?? ???? ???? ?? ???? ?? ????????
????? ???? ??? ??????? ?????? ??? ?????? ??????? ??? ????? ????????? ??? ????? ????? ??? ??? ???? ?????? ??? ????? ?????? ?? ???? ?????? ??????? ?? ????? ?????? ???????? ???????.
???? ???? ???? ???? ??????? ???????? ?? ???? ???????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ??? ????? ?????? ????????. ??? ???? ???? ?? 000 1 ???? ?? ??? ?????? ?? ????? ????? ?? ???? ?????? ???????? ??????? ?? ??????? ??? ??? 1979 ?? ???? ????? ????? ??????? ??????? ?? ???? ?????? ???????? ???????? ????? ?? ?????? ??????? ??????? ????? ????? ???? ??????? ?????? ?? ????? ???????. ???? ??? ????? ????? ?????? ?????????? ?? ?????? ?????? ???????? ??????? ?? ???? ?? 50 ????? ??? ???? ????? ??? ??? ???? ?? ??? ??????? ??? ???? ?????? ???. ??? ????? ??? ???????? ?? ?????? ???? ????? ????? ?? ????? ???? ?????? ??????? ??????? ???????? ??????? ??? ????? ??????? ??? ???? ???? ?? ????? ?? ???????.
??? ??????? ?????? ??????? ??? ?????? ?????? ???????? ??????? ?? ?????? ?? ?? ?????? ???????? ???? ????? ??????? ??????? ?? ????? ??? ?? ??? ????? ???????? ????? ?????. ????? ?????????? ??????????? ???? ????? ????? ?????? ???????? ??????? ??? ???? ???? ????? ?????? ???? ???? ???? ?????? ????? ???????? ????????. ???? ???? ?????? ????????? ????? ?????? ?? ????? ??? ?????? ?? ???? ?????? ?? ?????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ???????? ???????. ??? ?????? ????? ???? ???????? ??? ?? ???? ?? 25 ?? ?????? ?? ?????? ?????? ?? ????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ???????? ???????. ??? ??? ??????? ??? ?????? ??????? ??????????? ????? ?? ???? ???? ??? ?????? ????? ????? ????? ??????? ????? ?? ?????? ????.
????? ?? ?????? ??????? ????? ??????
???? ????? ????? ?????? ???????? ??????? ??????? ??????????? ????? ?????? ?????? ?? ???????? ??? ?????? ??????? ?? ????? ???? ??? ?????? ????? ??????? ???????? ???? ?????? ?????? ?? ????? ????? ?? ????? ????? ???? ?????? ??????????. ???? ?? ??? ???? ??? ???? ??? ?????? ????? ??????? ?? ?????. ??? ?? ??? ?????? ??????? ?????? ??? ???? ??? ?????? ??? ?? ???? ????? ”?????? ??????? ?????? ??????“. ?????? ???? ?? ???? ???? ??????? ????? ???????? ???? ???? ?????? ???? ?? ????? ??? ???? ?? ?????? ?????? ???? ????? ??????? ??????? ??? ??? ???? ??? ??? ??? ???????.
???? ??? ??? ??????? ?????? ?????? ??? ????? ?? ????? ??? ??? ??????? ?????? ???????? ???? ????? ??????? ??? ?????? ??? ????? ???????? ???????? ???????? ?? ??? ?????? ????. ????? ???? ?? ?????? ????? ???? ????? ?? ???? ?????? ??? ?? ???? ???? ?????? ?? ?? ??????? ????? ???? ???? ????? ???? ??????? ????? ??????? ?? ??? ????? ??????? ???????.
??? ?? ??????? ?????? ?? ??? ????? ?????? ?? ?? ?????? ?? ???? ?? ??? ??????? ?? ??? ???? ????????? ???????? ???????? ?????????. ????????????? ??????? ???? ?????? ??????? ?? ???? ????? ?? ???? ???????? ???? ?? ?? ???? ?????? ???? ???????. ??? ???? ??????? ?????? ??????? ??? ?????? ?? ?????? ???? ?????? ?? ??? ??????? ??????????. ?? ?? ????? ??? ??? ??????? ???? ?????? ?? ??????? ????????? ?? ??????? ????? ????? ?????? ???????? ?? ???? ???????? ???? ???? ???? ???? ????? ???????? ??????? ?? ??? ?????? ??? ???? ???? ???????. ???????? ??? ?????? ?? ??????? ??? ??????? ????? ???? ????? ???????? ????? ????? ??? ????? ????? ??? ???? ????????? ?? ??? ????? ?????? ?????? ??????????. ?????? ??? ???????? ????? ??? ????? ???? ?? ??? ????? ????? ?? ?????? ??? ?????? ??????. ??? ??????? ???? ?? ???? ?????? ????? ?? ????? ??????? ??????? ??? ???? ????????? ???? ????? ???? ????? ???????? ???????? ????? ??????? ?? ??? ???????? ??????? ?????????.
?
???????
Bj?rnsson, Sveinbj?rn, ed. (2010). Geothermal Development and Research in Iceland. Reykjavik, Orkustofnun
???? ??:
Dumas, Philippe, and Angelina Bartosik (2014). Geothermal DH Potential in Europe. GEODH, 2014.
???? ??: ?.
??????? ?????????? ??????? ???????. The Geothermal Exploration Project, 2013 - 2017.
???? ??: (accessed 29 October 2015).
Landsvirkjun. “?fangar í s?gu okkar” (Moments in History). ???? ??: (accessed 29 October 2015).
Lee, Henry, and Halla H. Logadóttir (2012). Iceland’s Energy Policy: Finding the Right Path Forward. Cambridge, Mass., John F. Kennedy School of Government..
Logadóttir, Halla, and Samuel N. Perkin (2015). “An interdisciplinary approach to geothermal energy education: the case of Iceland School of Energy at Reykjavik University. Proceedings of the World.
????? ?????? ???????? ???????? ??????? ????????? 19-25 ?????/?????? ???? ??: .
?Orkustofnun, the National Energy Authority. “Jar?varmanotkun” (Geothermal Energy Utilization). ???? ??: , accessed 29 October 2015.? .
Sigur?sson, Helgi M. (2002). Vatnsaflsvirkjanir á ?slandi. Reykjavík, Verkfr??istofa Sigur?ar Thoroddsen.
?o?r?arson, Sveinn (1998). Au?ur úr i?rum jar?ar: Saga hitaveitna og jar?hitan?tingar á ?slandi (Wealth from the bowels of the Earth: The Story of District Heating and Geothermal Energy in Iceland). Reykjavi?k, Hi? íslenska bókmenntafélag.
????? ????? ???????? ?????? ??????? ?? ???? ?????? ???????? ??????? (UNU-GTP) ???? ??: . (?? ??????? ???? ?????? 29 ????? ?????/?????? 2015)
