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2020    2019    2018    2017    2016    2015    2014    2013    2012 

 

 

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2020 §Ô§à§Õ

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§³ 21 §æ§Ö§Ó§â§Ñ§Ý§ñ §á§à 4 §Þ§Ñ§ñ 2020 §Ô§à§Õ§Ñ §Ó §Ó§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§Ò§ð§Ý§Ö §Õ§Ý§ñ §á§à§ã§Ö§ä§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§Ö§Û §°§â§Ô§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ù§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú §°§Ò§ì§Ö§Õ§Ú§ß§Ö§ß§ß§í§ç §¯§Ñ§è§Ú§Û §Ó §¯§î§ð-§«§à§â§Ü§Ö §Ò§å§Õ§Ö§ä §á§â§Ö§Õ§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ñ §Ó§í§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ü§Ñ §á§à§Õ §ß§Ñ§Ù§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö§Þ ?§®§í §Ú §à§ß§Ú: §à§ä §á§â§Ö§Õ§â§Ñ§ã§ã§å§Õ§Ü§à§Ó §Ü §â§Ñ§ã§Ú§Ù§Þ§å?.

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§¶§à§ä§à: 4 §Þ§Ñ§â§ä§Ñ 2020 §Ô§à§Õ§Ñ §®§Ñ§â§ä§Ú§ß §­§ð§ä§Ö§â §¬§Ú§ß§Ô III, §á§â§Ñ§Ó§à§Ù§Ñ§ë§Ú§ä§ß§Ú§Ü, §ã§í§ß §Ý§Ú§Õ§Ö§â§Ñ §Õ§Ó§Ú§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Ù§Ñ §Ô§â§Ñ§Ø§Õ§Ñ§ß§ã§Ü§Ú§Ö §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ñ §Ó §³§º§¡ §®§Ñ§â§ä§Ú§ß§Ñ §­§ð§ä§Ö§â§Ñ §¬§Ú§ß§Ô§Ñ ¡ª §Þ§Ý§Ñ§Õ§ê§Ö§Ô§à, §á§à§ã§Ö§ä§Ú§Ý §Ó§í§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ü§å §Ó§Þ§Ö§ã§ä§Ö §ã §ã§å§á§â§å§Ô§à§Û §¡§â§ß§Õ§â§Ö§Ñ §µ§à§ä§Ö§â§ã §¬§Ú§ß§Ô §Ú §Õ§à§é§Ö§â§î§ð §«§à§Ý§Ñ§ß§Õ§à§Û §²§Ö§ß§Ú

 

              

 

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2019  §Ô§à§Õ

?§ª§Ù §¡§æ§â§Ú§Ü§Ú §Ó §¯§à§Ó§í§Û §³§Ó§Ö§ä: §â§Ñ§Ò§ã§ä§Ó§à §Ó §¯§î§ð-§«§à§â§Ü§Ö?

 

§±§â§à§Ô§â§Ñ§Þ§Þ§Ñ §°§°§¯ ?§±§à§Þ§ß§Ú §à §â§Ñ§Ò§ã§ä§Ó§Ö? §á§â§Ö§Õ§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ý§ñ§Ö§ä §Ó§í§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ü§å ?§²§Ñ§Ò§ã§ä§Ó§à §Ó §¯§î§ð-§«§à§â§Ü§Ö?

 

? §¶§à§ä§à §°§°§¯/Loey Felipe

§³§Ý§Ö§Ó§Ñ §ß§Ñ§á§â§Ñ§Ó§à: §¥§à§Þ§Ú§ß§Ú§Ü §¨§Ñ§ß-§­§å§Ú, §¯§î§ð-§«§à§â§Ü§ã§Ü§à§Ö §Ú§ã§ä§à§â§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§à§Ö §à§Ò§ë§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§à; §¿§Ý§Ú§ã§à§ß §³§Þ§Ö§Û§Ý, §Ù§Ñ§Þ§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î §¤§Ö§ß§Ö§â§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à§Ô§à §ã§Ö§Ü§â§Ö§ä§Ñ§â§ñ §á§à §Ô§Ý§à§Ò§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§í§Þ §Ü§à§Þ§Þ§å§ß§Ú§Ü§Ñ§è§Ú§ñ§Þ; §­§å§Ú§Ù §¢§Ö§Û§Ý§Ú, §ã§ä§Ñ§â§ê§Ú§Û §ã§á§Ö§è§Ú§Ñ§Ý§Ú§ã§ä §á§à §á§à§Ý§Ú§ä§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ú§Þ §Ó§à§á§â§à§ã§Ñ§Þ, §±§à§ã§ä§à§ñ§ß§ß§Ñ§ñ §Þ§Ú§ã§ã§Ú§ñ §ß§Ñ§Ò§Ý§ð§Õ§Ñ§ä§Ö§Ý§ñ §à§ä §¡§æ§â§Ú§Ü§Ñ§ß§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §ã§à§ð§Ù§Ñ §á§â§Ú §°§â§Ô§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ù§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú §°§Ò§ì§Ö§Õ§Ú§ß§Ö§ß§ß§í§ç §¯§Ñ§è§Ú§Û; §®§Ñ§Û§Ü§Ý §¶§â§Ö§Ù§Ú§Ö§â, §Ú§ã§ä§à§â§Ú§Ü, §ß§Ñ§è§Ú§à§ß§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§í§Û §á§Ñ§Þ§ñ§ä§ß§Ú§Ü ?§¡§æ§â§Ú§Ü§Ñ§ß§ã§Ü§à§Ö §Ù§Ñ§ç§à§â§à§ß§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö?

21 §Þ§Ñ§â§ä§Ñ 2019 §Ô§à§Õ§Ñ. ¡ª §³§Ö§Ô§à§Õ§ß§ñ §Õ§Ú§á§Ý§à§Þ§Ñ§ä§í, §Ô§à§ã§ä§Ú §°§â§Ô§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ù§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú §°§Ò§ì§Ö§Õ§Ú§ß§Ö§ß§ß§í§ç §¯§Ñ§è§Ú§Û §Ú §ã§à§ä§â§å§Õ§ß§Ú§Ü§Ú §ã§à§Ò§â§Ñ§Ý§Ú§ã§î §Ó §Ó§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§Ò§ð§Ý§Ö §Õ§Ý§ñ §á§à§ã§Ö§ä§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§Ö§Û §Ù§Õ§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ §³§Ö§Ü§â§Ö§ä§Ñ§â§Ú§Ñ§ä§Ñ §¸§Ö§ß§ä§â§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§í§ç §å§é§â§Ö§Ø§Õ§Ö§ß§Ú§Û §°§â§Ô§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ù§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú §°§Ò§ì§Ö§Õ§Ú§ß§Ö§ß§ß§í§ç §¯§Ñ§è§Ú§Û §ß§Ñ §à§ä§Ü§â§í§ä§Ú§Ú §Ó§í§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ü§Ú ?§ª§Ù §¡§æ§â§Ú§Ü§Ú §Ó §¯§à§Ó§í§Û §³§Ó§Ö§ä: §â§Ñ§Ò§ã§ä§Ó§à §Ó §¯§î§ð-§«§à§â§Ü§Ö?. §°§ä§Ü§â§í§ä§Ú§Ö §Ó§í§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ü§Ú §ã§ä§Ñ§Ý§à §à§Õ§ß§Ú§Þ §Ú§Ù §Þ§Ö§â§à§á§â§Ú§ñ§ä§Ú§Û, §à§â§Ô§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ù§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§ß§í§ç §á§â§à§Ô§â§Ñ§Þ§Þ§à§Û §°§â§Ô§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ù§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú §°§Ò§ì§Ö§Õ§Ú§ß§Ö§ß§ß§í§ç §¯§Ñ§è§Ú§Û ?§±§à§Þ§ß§Ú §à §â§Ñ§Ò§ã§ä§Ó§Ö? §á§à §ã§Ý§å§é§Ñ§ð §®§Ö§Ø§Õ§å§ß§Ñ§â§à§Õ§ß§à§Ô§à §Õ§ß§ñ §á§Ñ§Þ§ñ§ä§Ú §Ø§Ö§â§ä§Ó §â§Ñ§Ò§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ §Ú §ä§â§Ñ§ß§ã§Ñ§ä§Ý§Ñ§ß§ä§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§à§Û §â§Ñ§Ò§à§ä§à§â§Ô§à§Ó§Ý§Ú. §´§Ö§Þ§Ñ §Õ§ß§ñ §á§Ñ§Þ§ñ§ä§Ú §Ó §ï§ä§à§Þ §Ô§à§Õ§å ¡ª ?§±§à§Þ§ß§Ú §à §â§Ñ§Ò§ã§ä§Ó§Ö: §ã§Ú§Ý§Ñ §Ú§ã§Ü§å§ã§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ §Ó §Ò§à§â§î§Ò§Ö §Ù§Ñ §ã§á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ö§Õ§Ý§Ú§Ó§à§ã§ä§î?.

§°§ä§Ü§â§í§Ó§Ñ§ñ §Ó§í§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ü§å, §Ù§Ñ§Þ§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î §¤§Ö§ß§Ö§â§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à§Ô§à §ã§Ö§Ü§â§Ö§ä§Ñ§â§ñ §°§â§Ô§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ù§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú §°§Ò§ì§Ö§Õ§Ú§ß§Ö§ß§ß§í§ç §¯§Ñ§è§Ú§Û §á§à §Ô§Ý§à§Ò§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§í§Þ §Ü§à§Þ§Þ§å§ß§Ú§Ü§Ñ§è§Ú§ñ§Þ §¿§Ý§Ú§ã§à§ß §³§Þ§Ö§Û§Ý §á§à§Õ§é§Ö§â§Ü§ß§å§Ý§Ñ, §é§ä§à §ä§â§Ñ§ß§ã§Ñ§ä§Ý§Ñ§ß§ä§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ñ§ñ §â§Ñ§Ò§à§ä§à§â§Ô§à§Ó§Ý§ñ ¡ª §à§Õ§ß§à §Ú§Ù §ã§Ñ§Þ§í§ç §ä§ñ§Ø§Ü§Ú§ç §á§â§Ö§ã§ä§å§á§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§Û §Ó §Ú§ã§ä§à§â§Ú§Ú. ?§±§à §Ú§Þ§Ö§ð§ë§Ú§Þ§ã§ñ §à§è§Ö§ß§Ü§Ñ§Þ, §Ù§Ñ §á§Ö§â§Ú§à§Õ §ã §ß§Ñ§é§Ñ§Ý§Ñ XV §Õ§à §ã§Ö§â§Ö§Õ§Ú§ß§í XIX §Ó§Ö§Ü§Ñ 17 §Þ§Ý§ß §Ñ§æ§â§Ú§Ü§Ñ§ß§è§Ö§Ó §ß§Ñ§ã§Ú§Ý§î§ß§à §Ó§í§Ó§Ö§Ù§Ý§Ú §Ú§Ù §¡§æ§â§Ú§Ü§Ú §ß§Ñ §Ñ§Þ§Ö§â§Ú§Ü§Ñ§ß§ã§Ü§Ú§Û §Ü§à§ß§ä§Ú§ß§Ö§ß§ä, ¡ª §Ù§Ñ§ñ§Ó§Ú§Ý§Ñ §à§ß§Ñ. ¡ª §³§â§Ö§Õ§Ú §á§à§ã§Ý§Ö§Õ§ã§ä§Ó§Ú§Û §ä§à§Û §á§à§Ù§à§â§ß§à§Û §ï§á§à§ç§Ú ¡ª §â§Ñ§ã§Ú§Ù§Þ, §á§à §ã§Ö§Û §Õ§Ö§ß§î §à§Ü§Ñ§Ù§í§Ó§Ñ§ð§ë§Ú§Û §ß§Ö§Ô§Ñ§ä§Ú§Ó§ß§à§Ö §Ó§à§Ù§Õ§Ö§Û§ã§ä§Ó§Ú§Ö §ß§Ñ §à§Ò§ë§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§à §Ó §ß§Ñ§ê§Ú§ç §ã§ä§â§Ñ§ß§Ñ§ç?.

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§ª§ã§ä§à§â§Ú§ñ §â§Ñ§Ò§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ §Ó §Ô§à§â§à§Õ§Ö §¯§î§ð-§«§à§â§Ü§Ö ¡ª §Þ§Ñ§Ý§à§Ú§Ù§Ó§Ö§ã§ä§ß§Ñ§ñ §Ô§Ý§Ñ§Ó§Ñ §ä§â§Ñ§Ô§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§à§Û §ã§Ñ§Ô§Ú §ä§â§Ñ§ß§ã§Ñ§ä§Ý§Ñ§ß§ä§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§à§Û §â§Ñ§Ò§à§ä§à§â§Ô§à§Ó§Ý§Ú. §³§Ó§à§Ò§à§Õ§ß§í§Ö §Ý§ð§Õ§Ú §Ú §â§Ñ§Ò§í §Ø§Ú§Ý§Ú §á§à §ã§à§ã§Ö§Õ§ã§ä§Ó§å, §é§ä§à §ã§á§à§ã§à§Ò§ã§ä§Ó§à§Ó§Ñ§Ý§à §æ§à§â§Þ§Ú§â§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§ð §å§ß§Ú§Ü§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§í§ç §å§ã§Ý§à§Ó§Ú§Û §Ú §á§à§Ù§Ó§à§Ý§Ú§Ý§à §Ñ§æ§â§Ú§Ü§Ñ§ß§ã§Ü§à§Þ§å §ã§à§à§Ò§ë§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§å §à§ä§ã§ä§Ñ§Ú§Ó§Ñ§ä§î §ã§Ó§à§Ò§à§Õ§å.

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2018 §Ô§à§Õ

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§£§í§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ü§Ñ §Ò§í§Ý§Ñ §à§â§Ô§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ù§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ñ §Ó §â§Ñ§Þ§Ü§Ñ§ç §á§â§Ñ§Ù§Õ§ß§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ §®§Ö§Ø§Õ§å§ß§Ñ§â§à§Õ§ß§à§Ô§à §Õ§ß§ñ §á§Ñ§Þ§ñ§ä§Ú §Ø§Ö§â§ä§Ó §â§Ñ§Ò§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ §Ú §ä§â§Ñ§ß§ã§Ñ§ä§Ý§Ñ§ß§ä§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§à§Û §â§Ñ§Ò§à§ä§à§â§Ô§à§Ó§Ý§Ú, §Ü§à§ä§à§â§í§Û §Ó 2018 §Ô§à§Õ§å §á§â§à§ê§Ö§Ý §á§à§Õ §ä§Ö§Þ§à§Û: ?§±§à§Þ§ß§Ú §à §â§Ñ§Ò§ã§ä§Ó§Ö: §ä§â§Ú§å§Þ§æ§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§Ñ§ñ §Ò§à§â§î§Ò§Ñ §Ù§Ñ §ã§Ó§à§Ò§à§Õ§å §Ú §â§Ñ§Ó§Ö§ß§ã§ä§Ó§à?. §´§Ö§Þ§Ñ §á§à§Ù§Ó§à§Ý§Ú§Ý§Ñ §Ó§à§Ù§Õ§Ñ§ä§î §Õ§à§Ý§Ø§ß§à§Ö §Õ§à§ã§ä§Ú§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ§Þ §Ý§Ú§è §Ñ§æ§â§Ú§Ü§Ñ§ß§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §á§â§à§Ú§ã§ç§à§Ø§Õ§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §ß§Ñ§é§Ú§ß§Ñ§ñ §ã §ï§á§à§ç§Ú §â§Ñ§Ò§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ §Ú §á§à §ã§Ö§Û §Õ§Ö§ß§î. §£ §ß§Ö§Û §ä§Ñ§Ü§Ø§Ö §Ó§à§á§Ý§à§ä§Ú§Ý§à§ã§î §á§â§Ú§Ù§ß§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö §ä§â§å§Õ§ß§à§ã§ä§Ö§Û, §á§â§Ö§à§Õ§à§Ý§Ö§ß§ß§í§ç §Ó §ç§à§Õ§Ö §Ò§à§â§î§Ò§í §Ù§Ñ §ã§Ó§à§Ò§à§Õ§å §Ú §â§Ñ§Ó§Ö§ß§ã§ä§Ó§à §Ó§à §Ó§ã§Ö§ç §á§â§à§æ§Ö§ã§ã§Ú§ñ§ç.

 

 

 

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2017&²Ô²ú²õ±è;§Ô§à§Õ

?§­§ð§Õ§Ú §ã §ä§Ö§Þ§ß§í§Þ §è§Ó§Ö§ä§à§Þ §Ü§à§Ø§Ú: §¥§à§ã§ä§Ú§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Ú §ß§Ñ§ã§Ý§Ö§Õ§Ú§Ö?

 

§¶§à§ä§à: §¿§Ü§ã§á§à§Ù§Ú§è§Ú§ñ ?§¯§Ñ§ã§Ý§Ö§Õ§Ú§Ö §Õ§à§ã§ä§Ú§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§Û §é§Ö§â§ß§à§Ü§à§Ø§Ú§ç?, §ã§á§Ö§è§Ú§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à§Ö §Þ§Ö§â§à§á§â§Ú§ñ§ä§Ú§Ö, §á§à§ã§Ó§ñ§ë§Ö§ß§ß§à§Ö §®§Ö§Ø§Õ§å§ß§Ñ§â§à§Õ§ß§à§Þ§å §Õ§ß§ð §á§Ñ§Þ§ñ§ä§Ú §Ø§Ö§â§ä§Ó §â§Ñ§Ò§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ, §Þ§Ñ§â§ä 2017 §Ô§à§Õ§Ñ. 

 

§³ 8 §á§à 29 §Þ§Ñ§â§ä§Ñ 2017 §Ô§à§Õ§Ñ §Ó §Ó§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§Ò§ð§Ý§Ö §Õ§Ý§ñ §á§à§ã§Ö§ä§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§Ö§Û §¸§Ö§ß§ä§â§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§í§ç §å§é§â§Ö§Ø§Õ§Ö§ß§Ú§Û §°§â§Ô§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ù§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú §°§Ò§ì§Ö§Õ§Ú§ß§Ö§ß§ß§í§ç §¯§Ñ§è§Ú§Û §Ó §¯§î§ð-§«§à§â§Ü§Ö §á§â§à§Ó§à§Õ§Ú§Ý§Ñ§ã§î §Ó§í§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ü§Ñ ?§­§ð§Õ§Ú §ã §ä§Ö§Þ§ß§í§Þ §è§Ó§Ö§ä§à§Þ §Ü§à§Ø§Ú: §Õ§à§ã§ä§Ú§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Ú §ß§Ñ§ã§Ý§Ö§Õ§Ú§Ö?.

§£ §â§Ñ§Þ§Ü§Ñ§ç §Ó§í§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ü§Ú, §á§à§Õ§Ô§à§ä§à§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§ß§à§Û §®§Ö§Ø§Õ§å§ß§Ñ§â§à§Õ§ß§í§Þ §Þ§å§Ù§Ö§Ö§Þ §â§Ñ§Ò§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ §Ó §­§Ú§Ó§Ö§â§á§å§Ý§Ö (§³§à§Ö§Õ§Ú§ß§Ö§ß§ß§à§Ö §¬§à§â§à§Ý§Ö§Ó§ã§ä§Ó§à) §ß§Ñ §Ò§Ñ§Ù§Ö §ã§à§Ò§ã§ä§Ó§Ö§ß§ß§à§Û §Ô§Ñ§Ý§Ö§â§Ö§Ú ?§³§ä§Ö§ß§Ñ §Õ§à§ã§ä§Ú§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§Ú? §é§Ö§â§ß§à§Ü§à§Ø§Ö§Ô§à §ß§Ñ§ã§Ö§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ?, §Ò§í§Ý§Ú §á§â§à§Õ§Ö§Þ§à§ß§ã§ä§â§Ú§â§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§í §Ú§ã§ä§à§â§Ú§Ú 21 §Ó§í§Õ§Ñ§ð§ë§Ö§Ô§à§ã§ñ §Õ§Ö§ñ§ä§Ö§Ý§ñ, §ã§â§Ö§Õ§Ú §Ü§à§ä§à§â§í§ç §Ý§ð§Õ§Ú §â§Ñ§Ù§Ý§Ú§é§ß§à§Ô§à §ã§à§è§Ú§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à§Ô§à §ã§ä§Ñ§ä§å§ã§Ñ, §â§Ñ§Ù§ß§í§ç §ï§á§à§ç, §á§â§Ö§Õ§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§Ú §â§Ñ§Ù§Ý§Ú§é§ß§í§ç §â§Ö§Ô§Ú§à§ß§à§Ó §Ú §á§â§à§æ§Ö§ã§ã§Ú§Û, §Ò§à§â§à§Ó§ê§Ú§Ö§ã§ñ §Ù§Ñ §Ô§â§Ñ§Ø§Õ§Ñ§ß§ã§Ü§Ú§Ö §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ñ §Ú §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ñ §é§Ö§Ý§à§Ó§Ö§Ü§Ñ, §Ñ §ä§Ñ§Ü§Ø§Ö §Ù§Ñ §á§â§Ú§Ù§ß§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö §Ý§Ú§è §Ñ§æ§â§Ú§Ü§Ñ§ß§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §á§â§à§Ú§ã§ç§à§Ø§Õ§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Ú §Ù§Ñ §à§Ò§Ö§ã§á§Ö§é§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §ã§á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ö§Õ§Ý§Ú§Ó§à§ã§ä§Ú §Ó §¡§æ§â§Ú§Ü§Ö, §¦§Ó§â§à§á§Ö, §Ó §³§Ö§Ó§Ö§â§ß§à§Û §Ú §À§Ø§ß§à§Û §¡§Þ§Ö§â§Ú§Ü§Ö §Ú §Ó§à §Ó§ã§Ö§Þ §Þ§Ú§â§Ö.

§£§í§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ü§Ñ ?§­§ð§Õ§Ú §ã §ä§Ö§Þ§ß§í§Þ §è§Ó§Ö§ä§à§Þ §Ü§à§Ø§Ú: §Õ§à§ã§ä§Ú§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Ú §ß§Ñ§ã§Ý§Ö§Õ§Ú§Ö? §Ò§í§Ý§Ñ §à§â§Ô§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ù§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ñ §Ó §ã§à§ä§â§å§Õ§ß§Ú§é§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ö §ã §á§â§à§Ô§â§Ñ§Þ§Þ§à§Û ?§±§à§Þ§ß§Ú §à §â§Ñ§Ò§ã§ä§Ó§Ö? §¥§Ö§á§Ñ§â§ä§Ñ§Þ§Ö§ß§ä§Ñ §à§Ò§ë§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ö§ß§ß§à§Û §Ú§ß§æ§à§â§Þ§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú §°§â§Ô§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ù§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú §°§Ò§ì§Ö§Õ§Ú§ß§Ö§ß§ß§í§ç §¯§Ñ§è§Ú§Û §Ú §á§â§à§Ó§à§Õ§Ú§Ý§Ñ§ã§î §Ó §ç§à§Õ§Ö §á§Ñ§Þ§ñ§ä§ß§í§ç §Þ§Ö§â§à§á§â§Ú§ñ§ä§Ú§Û §á§à §ã§Ý§å§é§Ñ§ð §®§Ö§Ø§Õ§å§ß§Ñ§â§à§Õ§ß§à§Ô§à §Õ§ß§ñ §á§Ñ§Þ§ñ§ä§Ú §Ø§Ö§â§ä§Ó §â§Ñ§Ò§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ §Ú §ä§â§Ñ§ß§ã§Ñ§ä§Ý§Ñ§ß§ä§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§à§Û §â§Ñ§Ò§à§ä§à§â§Ô§à§Ó§Ý§Ú. §ª§ã§á§à§Ý§ß§ñ§ð§ë§Ú§Û §à§Ò§ñ§Ù§Ñ§ß§ß§à§ã§ä§Ú §Ù§Ñ§Þ§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§ñ §¤§Ö§ß§Ö§â§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à§Ô§à §ã§Ö§Ü§â§Ö§ä§Ñ§â§ñ §°§â§Ô§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ù§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú §°§Ò§ì§Ö§Õ§Ú§ß§Ö§ß§ß§í§ç §¯§Ñ§è§Ú§Û §á§à §Ô§Ý§à§Ò§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§í§Þ §Ü§à§Þ§Þ§å§ß§Ú§Ü§Ñ§è§Ú§ñ§Þ §®§Ñ§ç§Ö§â §¯§Ñ§ã§ã§Ö§â §à§ä§Þ§Ö§ä§Ú§Ý: ?§£§í§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ü§Ñ §ß§Ñ§Ú§Ý§å§é§ê§Ú§Þ §à§Ò§â§Ñ§Ù§à§Þ §ã§à§à§ä§Ó§Ö§ä§ã§ä§Ó§å§Ö§ä §ä§Ö§Þ§Ö §®§Ö§Ø§Õ§å§ß§Ñ§â§à§Õ§ß§à§Ô§à §Õ§ß§ñ §á§Ñ§Þ§ñ§ä§Ú §Ø§Ö§â§ä§Ó §â§Ñ§Ò§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ §Ú §ä§â§Ñ§ß§ã§Ñ§ä§Ý§Ñ§ß§ä§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§à§Û §â§Ñ§Ò§à§ä§à§â§Ô§à§Ó§Ý§Ú §Ó 2017 §Ô§à§Õ§å ¡ª ¡°§±§à§Þ§ß§Ú §à §â§Ñ§Ò§ã§ä§Ó§Ö: §á§â§Ú§Ù§ß§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö §ß§Ñ§ã§Ý§Ö§Õ§Ú§ñ §Ú §Ó§Ü§Ý§Ñ§Õ§Ñ §Ý§Ú§è §Ñ§æ§â§Ú§Ü§Ñ§ß§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §á§â§à§Ú§ã§ç§à§Ø§Õ§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ¡±. §°§ß§Ñ §ß§Ñ§á§à§Þ§Ú§ß§Ñ§Ö§ä §ß§Ñ§Þ §à §ä§à§Þ, §Ü§Ñ§Ü§à§Û §Ó§Ü§Ý§Ñ§Õ §Ó§ß§Ö§ã§Ý§Ú §Ó§í§ç§à§Õ§è§í §Ú§Ù §¡§æ§â§Ú§Ü§Ú §Ú §Ú§ç §á§à§ä§à§Þ§Ü§Ú §Ó §â§Ñ§Ù§Ó§Ú§ä§Ú§Ö §ã§ä§â§Ñ§ß §á§à §Ó§ã§Ö§Þ§å §Þ§Ú§â§å, ¡ª §Õ§à§Ò§Ñ§Ó§Ú§Ý §à§ß. ¡ª §£ §ã§Ó§ñ§Ù§Ú §ã §ä§Ö§Þ, §é§ä§à §â§Ñ§ã§Ú§Ù§Þ §Ú §á§â§Ö§Õ§â§Ñ§ã§ã§å§Õ§Ü§Ú §á§à-§á§â§Ö§Ø§ß§Ö§Þ§å §á§â§Ú§ã§å§ë§Ú §ß§Ñ§ê§Ö§Þ§å §Þ§Ú§â§å, §Ó§Ñ§Ø§ß§à §á§à§Þ§ß§Ú§ä§î §à §Ó§í§Õ§Ñ§ð§ë§Ö§Þ§ã§ñ §Ó§Ü§Ý§Ñ§Õ§Ö §ï§ä§Ú§ç §Ý§ð§Õ§Ö§Û §Ú §é§ä§Ú§ä§î §Ö§Ô§à?.

§²§Ú§é§Ñ§â§Õ §¢§Ö§ß§Õ§Ø§Ñ§Þ§Ú§ß, §Ô§Ý§Ñ§Ó§Ñ §®§Ö§Ø§Õ§å§ß§Ñ§â§à§Õ§ß§à§Ô§à §Þ§å§Ù§Ö§ñ §â§Ñ§Ò§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ, §Ù§Ñ§ñ§Ó§Ú§Ý: ?§¥§Ý§ñ §®§Ö§Ø§Õ§å§ß§Ñ§â§à§Õ§ß§à§Ô§à §Þ§å§Ù§Ö§ñ §â§Ñ§Ò§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ §Ò§à§Ý§î§ê§Ñ§ñ §é§Ö§ã§ä§î §ã§à§ä§â§å§Õ§ß§Ú§é§Ñ§ä§î §ã §°§â§Ô§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ù§Ñ§è§Ú§Ö§Û §°§Ò§ì§Ö§Õ§Ú§ß§Ö§ß§ß§í§ç §¯§Ñ§è§Ú§Û §Ú §á§â§à§Ô§â§Ñ§Þ§Þ§à§Û ¡°§±§à§Þ§ß§Ú §à §â§Ñ§Ò§ã§ä§Ó§Ö¡± §Ó §â§Ñ§Þ§Ü§Ñ§ç §á§â§à§Ó§Ö§Õ§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §ï§ä§à§Û §Ù§Ñ§Þ§Ö§é§Ñ§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§à§Û §Ú §Ñ§Ü§ä§å§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à§Û §Ó§í§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ü§Ú. ¡°§³§ä§Ö§ß§Ñ §Õ§à§ã§ä§Ú§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§Ú? §é§Ö§â§ß§à§Ü§à§Ø§Ö§Ô§à §ß§Ñ§ã§Ö§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ¡± §Ó §­§Ú§Ó§Ö§â§á§å§Ý§Ö ¡ª §à§Õ§ß§Ñ §Ú§Ù §ß§Ñ§ê§Ú§ç §Ô§Ý§Ñ§Ó§ß§í§ç §ï§Ü§ã§á§à§Ù§Ú§è§Ú§Û: §Ù§Õ§Ö§ã§î §à§ã§Ó§Ö§ë§Ñ§ð§ä§ã§ñ §Þ§ß§à§Ô§à§é§Ú§ã§Ý§Ö§ß§ß§í§Ö §å§ã§á§Ö§ç§Ú, §Õ§à§ã§ä§Ú§Ô§ß§å§ä§í§Ö ¡ª §Ù§Ñ§é§Ñ§ã§ä§å§ð §ß§Ö§Ó§Ù§Ú§â§Ñ§ñ §ß§Ñ §ß§Ö§Ó§í§â§Ñ§Ù§Ú§Þ§í§Ö §á§â§Ö§á§ñ§ä§ã§ä§Ó§Ú§ñ §Ú §ä§â§å§Õ§ß§à§ã§ä§Ú ¡ª §Ü§Ñ§Ü §Ó §ï§á§à§ç§å §ä§â§Ñ§ß§ã§Ñ§ä§Ý§Ñ§ß§ä§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§à§Û §â§Ñ§Ò§à§ä§à§â§Ô§à§Ó§Ý§Ú, §ä§Ñ§Ü §Ú §Ó§á§à§ã§Ý§Ö§Õ§ã§ä§Ó§Ú§Ú. §¿§ä§Ú §Ó§í§Õ§Ñ§ð§ë§Ú§Ö§ã§ñ §Õ§à§ã§ä§Ú§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §à§Ü§Ñ§Ù§í§Ó§Ñ§ð§ä §ß§Ö§Ó§Ö§â§à§ñ§ä§ß§à§Ö §á§à§Ý§à§Ø§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§à§Ö §Ó§à§Ù§Õ§Ö§Û§ã§ä§Ó§Ú§Ö §ß§Ñ §á§à§ã§Ö§ä§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§Ö§Û §Þ§å§Ù§Ö§ñ, §à§ã§à§Ò§Ö§ß§ß§à §á§â§Ö§Õ§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§Ö§Û §Þ§Ý§Ñ§Õ§ê§Ú§ç §á§à§Ü§à§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§Û, §Ú §ñ §å§Ó§Ö§â§Ö§ß, §é§ä§à §Ó §¯§î§ð-§«§à§â§Ü§Ö §Þ§í §Õ§à§Ò§î§Ö§Þ§ã§ñ §ä§à§Ô§à §Ø§Ö §â§Ö§Ù§å§Ý§î§ä§Ñ§ä§Ñ?.

 

 

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2016 §Ô§à§Õ

?§¡§æ§â§Ú§Ü§Ñ§ß§è§í §Ó §ª§ß§Õ§Ú§Ú: §Ú§Ù §â§Ñ§Ò§à§Ó ¡ª §Ó §Ô§Ö§ß§Ö§â§Ñ§Ý§í §Ú §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§Ú?

 

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2014 §Ô§à§Õ ¨C ?§±§à§Ò§Ö§Õ§Ñ §ß§Ñ§Õ §â§Ñ§Ò§ã§ä§Ó§à§Þ: §¤§Ñ§Ú§ä§Ú §Ú §Õ§Ñ§Ý§Ö§Ö?

 

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§¯§Ñ §Ó§í§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ü§Ö §ä§Ñ§Ü§Ø§Ö §á§â§Ö§Õ§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß §á§â§à§Ö§Ü§ä §±§à§ã§ä§à§ñ§ß§ß§à§Ô§à §Þ§Ö§Þ§à§â§Ú§Ñ§Ý§Ñ §á§Ñ§Þ§ñ§ä§Ú §Ø§Ö§â§ä§Ó §â§Ñ§Ò§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ §Ú §ä§â§Ñ§ß§ã§Ñ§ä§Ý§Ñ§ß§ä§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§à§Û §â§Ñ§Ò§à§ä§à§â§Ô§à§Ó§Ý§Ú, §Ü§à§ä§à§â§í§Û §Ò§å§Õ§Ö§ä §Ó§à§Ù§Ó§Ö§Õ§Ö§ß §ß§Ñ §ä§Ö§â§â§Ú§ä§à§â§Ú§Ú §°§â§Ô§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ù§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú §°§Ò§ì§Ö§Õ§Ú§ß§Ö§ß§ß§í§ç §¯§Ñ§è§Ú§Û §Ó §¯§î§ð-§«§à§â§Ü§Ö §Ó §ß§Ñ§é§Ñ§Ý§Ö 2015 §Ô§à§Õ§Ñ. §®§Ö§Þ§à§â§Ú§Ñ§Ý §Ò§å§Õ§Ö§ä §Ó§à§Ù§Ó§Ö§Õ§Ö§ß §Ü§Ñ§Ü §á§à§ã§ä§à§ñ§ß§ß§à§Ö §ß§Ñ§á§à§Þ§Ú§ß§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö §à §Þ§å§Ø§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ö §â§Ñ§Ò§à§Ó, §Ñ§Ò§à§Ý§Ú§è§Ú§à§ß§Ú§ã§ä§à§Ó §Ú §ß§Ö§Ó§à§ã§á§Ö§ä§í§ç §Ô§Ö§â§à§Ö§Ó, §Ü§à§ä§à§â§í§Ö §á§à§Þ§à§Ô§Ý§Ú §á§à§Ü§à§ß§é§Ú§ä§î §ã §â§Ñ§Ò§ã§ä§Ó§à§Þ. 

 

 

§¿§Ü§ã§á§à§Ù§Ú§è§Ú§ñ §á§â§Ö§Õ§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ñ §±§â§à§Ô§â§Ñ§Þ§Þ§à§Û §á§Ñ§Þ§ñ§ä§Ú §Ø§Ö§â§ä§Ó §â§Ñ§Ò§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ §Ú §ä§â§Ñ§ß§ã§Ñ§ä§Ý§Ñ§ß§ä§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§à§Û §â§Ñ§Ò§à§ä§à§â§Ô§à§Ó§Ý§Ú §°§°§¯ (§ª§ß§æ§à§â§Þ§Ñ§è§Ú§à§ß§ß§à-§á§â§à§ã§Ó§Ö§ä§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ã§Ü§Ú§Û §à§ä§Õ§Ö§Ý, §¥§Ö§á§Ñ§â§ä§Ñ§Þ§Ö§ß§ä §à§Ò§ë§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ö§ß§ß§à§Û §Ú§ß§æ§à§â§Þ§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú) §Ó §á§Ñ§â§ä§ß§Ö§â§ã§ä§Ó§Ö §ã §¯§Ñ§ß§ä§ã§Ü§Ú§Þ §Þ§Ö§Þ§à§â§Ú§Ñ§Ý§à§Þ §Ó §é§Ö§ã§ä§î §à§ä§Þ§Ö§ß§í §â§Ñ§Ò§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ §Ó§à §¶§â§Ñ§ß§è§Ú§Ú §Ú §Ñ§â§ç§Ú§ä§Ö§Ü§ä§à§â§à§Þ §²§à§Õ§ß§Ú §­§Ö§à§ß§à§Þ, §Ñ§Ó§ä§à§â§à§Þ §á§â§à§Ö§Ü§ä§Ñ §±§à§ã§ä§à§ñ§ß§ß§à§Ô§à §Þ§Ö§Þ§à§â§Ú§Ñ§Ý§Ñ §Ó §é§Ö§ã§ä§î §Ø§Ö§â§ä§Ó §â§Ñ§Ò§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ §Ú §ä§â§Ñ§ß§ã§Ñ§ä§Ý§Ñ§ß§ä§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§à§Û §â§Ñ§Ò§à§ä§à§â§Ô§à§Ó§Ý§Ú. 

 

§®§Ö§Þ§à§â§Ú§Ñ§Ý §Ò§å§Õ§Ö§ä §ï§Ü§ã§á§à§ß§Ú§â§à§Ó§Ñ§ä§î§ã§ñ §Ó §©§Ñ§Ý§Ö §Õ§Ý§ñ §á§à§ã§Ö§ä§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§Ö§Û §¸§Ö§ß§ä§â§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§í§ç §å§é§â§Ö§Ø§Õ§Ö§ß§Ú§Û §°§â§Ô§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ù§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú §°§Ò§ì§Ö§Õ§Ú§ß§Ö§ß§ß§í§ç §¯§Ñ§è§Ú§Û §Ó §¯§î§ð-§«§à§â§Ü§Ö §Õ§à 14 §ã§Ö§ß§ä§ñ§Ò§â§ñ 2014 §Ô§à§Õ§Ñ. §£ §ä§Ö§é§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §ß§Ö§Õ§Ö§Ý§Ú §Õ§Ý§ñ §Ó§ç§à§Õ§Ñ §ß§Ö§à§Ò§ç§à§Õ§Ú§Þ§à §á§â§Ú§à§Ò§â§Ö§ã§ä§Ú §Ò§Ú§Ý§Ö§ä§í §ß§Ñ §ï§Ü§ã§Ü§å§â§ã§Ú§ð §ã §Ô§Ú§Õ§à§Þ §°§°§¯. §¢§Ö§ã§á§Ý§Ñ§ä§ß§í§Û §Ó§ç§à§Õ §á§à §Ó§í§ç§à§Õ§ß§í§Þ. 

 

 

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2013 §Ô§à§Õ

2013 §Ô§à§Õ ¨C ?§¯§Ñ§Ó§ã§Ö§Ô§Õ§Ñ §ã§Ó§à§Ò§à§Õ§ß§í§Ö: §±§â§Ñ§Ù§Õ§ß§å§Ö§Þ §à§ã§Ó§à§Ò§à§Ø§Õ§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §à§ä §â§Ñ§Ò§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ?. 

 

§¶§à§ä§à: §°§â§Ú§Ô§Ú§ß§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§Ñ§ñ §á§à§Õ§á§Ú§ã§Ñ§ß§ß§Ñ§ñ §Ü§à§á§Ú§ñ ?§±§â§à§Ü§Ý§Ñ§Þ§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú §à§Ò §à§ã§Ó§à§Ò§à§Ø§Õ§Ö§ß§Ú§Ú §à§ä §â§Ñ§Ò§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ? §á§â§Ö§Õ§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ñ §Ó §¸§Ö§ß§ä§â§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§í§ç §å§é§â§Ö§Ø§Õ§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ§ç §°§â§Ô§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ù§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú §°§Ò§ì§Ö§Õ§Ú§ß§Ö§ß§ß§í§ç §¯§Ñ§è§Ú§Û §ß§Ñ §ä§Ö§Þ§Ñ§ä§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§à§Û §Ó§í§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ü§Ö, §á§à§ã§Ó§ñ§ë§Ö§ß§ß§à§Û §â§Ñ§Ò§ã§ä§Ó§å. 

 

§£§í§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ü§Ñ ?§¯§Ñ§Ó§ã§Ö§Ô§Õ§Ñ §ã§Ó§à§Ò§à§Õ§ß§í§Ö: §±§â§Ñ§Ù§Õ§ß§å§Ö§Þ §à§ã§Ó§à§Ò§à§Ø§Õ§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §à§ä §â§Ñ§Ò§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ? §Ó§Ü§Ý§ð§é§Ñ§Ö§ä §á§Ñ§ß§ß§à, §ß§Ñ §Ü§à§ä§à§â§í§ç §á§â§à§ã§Ý§Ö§Ø§Ú§Ó§Ñ§Ö§ä§ã§ñ §Ú§ã§ä§à§â§Ú§ñ §ä§â§Ñ§ß§ã§Ñ§ä§Ý§Ñ§ß§ä§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§à§Û §â§Ñ§Ò§à§ä§à§â§Ô§à§Ó§Ý§Ú, §Ù§Õ§Ö§ã§î §ä§Ñ§Ü§Ø§Ö §á§â§Ö§Õ§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§í §Ô§Ö§â§à§Ú §Ú §Ñ§Ü§ä§Ú§Ó§Ú§ã§ä§í, §á§à§Ü§Ñ§Ù§Ñ§ß§Ñ §Ò§à§â§î§Ò§Ñ §Ù§Ñ §à§ã§Ó§à§Ò§à§Ø§Õ§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §Ú §á§Ö§é§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à§Ö §ß§Ñ§ã§Ý§Ö§Õ§Ú§Ö §â§Ñ§Ò§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ §Ó §ß§Ñ§ê§Ú §Õ§ß§Ú. §£§í§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ü§Ñ §â§Ñ§Ù§Ó§Ö§â§ß§å§ä§Ñ §Ó §ã§Ó§ñ§Ù§Ú §ã §á§â§à§Ó§Ö§Õ§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö§Þ 25 §Þ§Ñ§â§ä§Ñ §®§Ö§Ø§Õ§å§ß§Ñ§â§à§Õ§ß§à§Ô§à §Õ§ß§ñ §á§Ñ§Þ§ñ§ä§Ú §Ø§Ö§â§ä§Ó §â§Ñ§Ò§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ §Ú §ä§â§Ñ§ß§ã§Ñ§ä§Ý§Ñ§ß§ä§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§à§Û §â§Ñ§Ò§à§ä§à§â§Ô§à§Ó§Ý§Ú §Ó §ã§à§à§ä§Ó§Ö§ä§ã§ä§Ó§Ú§Ú §ã §â§Ö§Ù§à§Ý§ð§è§Ú§Ö§Û 62/122 §¤§Ö§ß§Ö§â§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à§Û §¡§ã§ã§Ñ§Þ§Ò§Ý§Ö§Ú §à§ä 17 §Õ§Ö§Ü§Ñ§Ò§â§ñ 2007 §Ô§à§Õ§Ñ. 

 

§¬§à§á§Ú§ñ §±§â§à§Ü§Ý§Ñ§Þ§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú §à§Ò §à§ã§Ó§à§Ò§à§Ø§Õ§Ö§ß§Ú§Ú §à§ä §â§Ñ§Ò§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ, §á§à§Õ§á§Ú§ã§Ñ§ß§ß§Ñ§ñ §á§â§Ö§Ù§Ú§Õ§Ö§ß§ä§à§Þ §¡§Ó§â§Ñ§Ñ§Þ§à§Þ §­§Ú§ß§Ü§à§Ý§î§ß§à§Þ §Ú §Ô§à§ã§å§Õ§Ñ§â§ã§ä§Ó§Ö§ß§ß§í§Þ §ã§Ö§Ü§â§Ö§ä§Ñ§â§Ö§Þ §µ§Ú§Ý§î§ñ§Þ§à§Þ §³§ä§ð§Ñ§â§Õ§à§Þ, §Ñ §ä§Ñ§Ü§Ø§Ö §á§à§Õ§á§Ú§ã§Ñ§ß§ß§Ñ§ñ §Ü§à§á§Ú§ñ §´§â§Ú§ß§Ñ§Õ§è§Ñ§ä§à§Û §á§à§á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ü§Ú §Ü §¬§à§ß§ã§ä§Ú§ä§å§è§Ú§Ú §³§º§¡ §Ò§í§Ý§Ú §Ó§í§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§í §ß§Ñ §Ó§ã§Ö§à§Ò§ë§Ö§Ö §à§Ò§à§Ù§â§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §Ó §ä§Ö§é§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §á§Ñ§Þ§ñ§ä§ß§à§Û §ß§Ö§Õ§Ö§Ý§Ú, §á§â§à§ç§à§Õ§Ú§Ó§ê§Ö§Û §ã 18 §á§à 25 §Þ§Ñ§â§ä§Ñ. 

 

 

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2012 §Ô§à§Õ

?§¹§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§å§ñ §Ô§Ö§â§à§Ö§Ó, §ã§à§á§â§à§ä§Ú§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§è§Ö§Ó §Ú §Ó§í§Ø§Ú§Ó§ê§Ú§ç? 

 

§¶§à§ä§à: §°§ä§Ü§â§í§ä§Ú§Ö §®§å§Ý§î§ä§Ú§Þ§Ö§Õ§Ú§Û§ß§à§Û §Ó§í§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ü§Ú §à §ä§â§Ñ§ß§ã§Ñ§ä§Ý§Ñ§ß§ä§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§à§Û §â§Ñ§Ò§à§ä§à§â§Ô§à§Ó§Ý§Ö §Ó §¸§Ö§ß§ä§â§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§í§ç §å§é§â§Ö§Ø§Õ§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ§ç §°§â§Ô§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ù§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú §°§Ò§ì§Ö§Õ§Ú§ß§Ö§ß§ß§í§ç §¯§Ñ§è§Ú§Û

 

§¯§Ñ §Ó§í§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ü§Ö ?§¹§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§å§ñ §Ô§Ö§â§à§Ö§Ó, §ã§à§á§â§à§ä§Ú§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§è§Ö§Ó §Ú §Ó§í§Ø§Ú§Ó§ê§Ú§ç? §á§â§Ö§Õ§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§í §ï§Ü§ã§á§à§Ù§Ú§è§Ú§Ú §ã§Ý§Ö§Õ§å§ð§ë§Ú§ç §å§é§Ñ§ã§ä§ß§Ú§Ü§à§Ó: §¡§Ý§Ö§Ü§ã §­§à§Ü§Ñ§Õ§Ú§Ñ (Alex Locadia), §§§â§Ý §±§Ú§ß§ä§à §¬§à§Ý§Ý§Ö§Ü§ê§ï§ß (Earl Pinto Collection), §º§à§Þ§Ò§å§â§Ô§ã§Ü§Ú§Û §è§Ö§ß§ä§â §Ú§ã§ã§Ý§Ö§Õ§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§Û §é§Ö§â§ß§à§Û §Ü§å§Ý§î§ä§å§â§í (Schomburg Center for Research in Black Culture), §À§¯§¦§³§¬§°, §ª§Ù§Õ§Ñ§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ã§ä§Ó§à §«§Ö§Ý§î§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §å§ß§Ú§Ó§Ö§â§ã§Ú§ä§Ö§ä§Ñ (Yale University Press), §²§Ñ§Õ§Ú§à §°§â§Ô§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ù§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú §°§Ò§ì§Ö§Õ§Ú§ß§Ö§ß§ß§í§ç §¯§Ñ§è§Ú§Û. §¿§Ü§ã§á§à§Ù§Ú§è§Ú§ñ §Ó§Ü§Ý§ð§é§Ñ§Ö§ä §Ú§Ù§à§Ò§â§Ñ§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Ô§Ö§â§à§Ö§Ó §Ú §à§Ò§ë§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ö§ß§ß§í§ç §Ñ§Ü§ä§Ú§Ó§Ú§ã§ä§à§Ó, §à§â§Ú§Ô§Ú§ß§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§í§Ö §Õ§à§Ü§å§Þ§Ö§ß§ä§í, §Ú§ã§ä§à§â§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ú§Ö §Ú§Ý§Ý§ð§ã§ä§â§Ú§â§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§ß§í§Ö §Ô§Ñ§Ù§Ö§ä§í §Ú §Ñ§â§ä§Ö§æ§Ñ§Ü§ä§í §Ú§Ù §é§Ñ§ã§ä§ß§à§Û §Ü§à§Ý§Ý§Ö§Ü§è§Ú§Ú XIX §Ó§Ö§Ü§Ñ, §Ñ §ä§Ñ§Ü§Ø§Ö §Ú§ß§ã§ä§Ñ§Ý§Ý§ñ§è§Ú§ð ?§±§à §Ü§à§Þ §Ù§Ó§à§ß§Ú§ä §Ü§à§Ý§à§Ü§à§Ý?, §Ü§Ñ§â§ä§í §Ú §â§Ñ§Õ§Ú§à§Ú§ß§ä§Ö§â§Ó§î§ð. 

 

§£§í§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ü§Ñ §à§ä§Ü§â§í§Ý§Ñ§ã§î §Ó§à §Ó§ä§à§â§ß§Ú§Ü, 27 §Þ§Ñ§â§ä§Ñ 2012 §Ô§à§Õ§Ñ, §Ú §â§Ñ§ã§á§à§Ý§Ñ§Ô§Ñ§Ý§Ñ§ã§î §Ó §¤§Ý§Ñ§Ó§ß§à§Û §Ô§Ñ§Ý§Ö§â§Ö§Ö, §£§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§Ò§ð§Ý§î §Õ§Ý§ñ §á§à§ã§Ö§ä§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§Ö§Û, §°§â§Ô§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ù§Ñ§è§Ú§ñ §°§Ò§ì§Ö§Õ§Ú§ß§Ö§ß§ß§í§ç §¯§Ñ§è§Ú§Û, §¯§î§ð-§«§à§â§Ü.