[Bilingual, as delivered]
Mr President, Excellencies,
I thank the Government of Guyana for bringing us together to focus on the impact of the climate crisis and food insecurity on global peace and security.
Climate chaos and food crises are serious and mounting threats to global peace and security.
It is only right that they are addressed by this Council.
A global food crisis is creating a hellscape of hunger and heartache for many of the world鈥檚 poorest people.听
And the climate crisis is accelerating with a deadly force 鈥 last year was the hottest ever.
Both these facts undermine peace.
Empty bellies fuel unrest.
In Portugal, we have a saying: 鈥淚n a house with no bread, everyone argues, and no one is right.鈥
Climate disasters and conflict both inflame inequalities, imperil livelihoods, and force people from their homes.
That can strain relations, stoke mistrust, and sow discontent.听
While diminished resources and mass displacement can intensify competition.
Conflict can easily be sparked where tensions are high, institutions are weak, and people are marginalised.
And women and girls pay the highest price. Just as they do when food is short and climate disasters hit.
Excellencies,
At the same time, climate and conflict are two leading drivers of [our] global food crisis.
Where wars rage, hunger reigns 鈥 whether due to displacement of people, destruction of agriculture, damage to infrastructure, or deliberate policies of denial.
Meanwhile, climate chaos is imperilling food production the world over.
Floods and droughts destroy crops, ocean changes disrupt fishing, rising seas degrade land and freshwater, and shifting weather patterns ruin harvests and spawn pests.
Climate and conflict were the main causes of acute food insecurity for almost 174 million people in 2022.
And in many cases, they collide to hit communities with a double blow.
Excellencies,
I am dismayed to say that our world today is teeming with examples of the devastating relationship between hunger and conflict.
In Syria, almost thirteen million people go to bed hungry after a decade of war and a horrendous earthquake.
In Myanmar, conflict and political instability have thrown progress towards ending hunger into reverse.
In Gaza, no one has enough to eat.
Of the 700,000 hungriest people in the world, four in five inhabit that tiny strip of land.
In many places, climate disasters add another dimension.
Every one of the fourteen countries most at risk from climate change are suffering conflict. Thirteen of them face humanitarian crisis this year.
In Haiti, hurricanes combine with violence and lawlessness to create a humanitarian crisis for millions.
In Ethiopia, drought comes hot on the heels of war. Almost sixteen million people are estimated to require food assistance this year.
And refugees from the conflict in neighbouring Sudan are adding pressure on already scarce resources.
听
In the Sahel, rising temperatures are raising tensions:
Drying-up water resources, wrecking grazing land, and ruining smallholder agriculture 鈥 the staple of local economies.
Against a backdrop of longstanding political instability, conflict between farmers and herders is the result.
Meanwhile, globally, we risk a resurgence of food inflation as droughts sap the Panama Canal and violence hits the Red Sea 鈥 throwing supply chains into disarray.
Excellencies,
Without action, the situation will deteriorate.
Conflicts are multiplying.
The climate crisis is set to spiral, as emissions continue to rise.
And acute food insecurity has been increasing year on year.
The World Food Programme estimates that over 330 million people were affected in 2023. And it has warned of an acute deterioration in eighteen 鈥渉unger hotspots鈥 early this year.
To avoid mounting threats to international peace and security, we must step in. And act now to break the deadly links between conflict, climate and food insecurity.
听
First, all parties to all conflicts must abide by international humanitarian law.
Far too often, this is not the case.
Security Council Resolution 2417 on the protection of civilians in armed conflict is clear: goods essential to civilians鈥 survival must be protected. Starvation of civilians may constitute a war crime. And humanitarians must have unimpeded access to civilians in need.
This Council has a critical role in demanding compliance, and holding those who breach the resolution to account.听
Second, we must fund humanitarian operations in full 鈥 to prevent disaster and conflict from feeding hunger.
Last year, humanitarian operations were less than 40 percent funded.
Around a third of the money for these operations was earmarked for tackling food insecurity.
Third, we must create the conditions to resolve conflict and preserve peace 鈥 within countries and between countries.
Exclusion, inequalities and poverty all increase the risk of conflict.
Turbocharging progress towards the Sustainable Development Goals 鈥 including our goal of zero hunger 鈥 is the answer.
We need massive investment in a just transformation to healthy, equitable and sustainable food systems.
And we need governments, business and society working together to make such systems a reality.
Today we see a grotesque disparity between allocation and need 鈥 globally almost a third of food is wasted while hundreds of millions of people go to bed hungry every night.
And food consumption, production and distribution are responsible for around a third of global greenhouse gas emissions.
We must create food systems that feed the planet without wrecking the planet.
That means aligning climate action and food systems transformation 鈥 as I called for at the UN Food System Stocktake last July 鈥 to help secure sustainable development, good livelihoods, and healthy people on a healthy planet.
This requires working together, and bringing all people 鈥 women, young people and marginalized communities 鈥 into decision-making.
We must also build and finance social protection systems to protect livelihoods and ensure basic access to services and resources.
And we must strengthen and renew global peace and security frameworks.
It is vital that we make the most of the Summit of the Future later this year, where Member States will consider the proposed New Agenda for 探花精选.
This presents a comprehensive vision for peace in our changing world, based on prevention and international law, and anchored in human rights.
And it recognizes the links between sustainable development, climate action, and peace.
Fourth, we must get a grip on the climate crisis to limit the rise in global temperature to 1.5 degrees Celsius.
Because climate action is action for food security and action for peace.
G20 nations must lead a just global phase out of fossil fuels, in line with the principle of common but differentiated responsibilities and respective capabilities, in the light of different national circumstances.
And all countries must create ambitious new national climate action plans 鈥 or nationally determined contributions 鈥 by 2025, that align with the 1.5-degree limit.
We must also get serious about adaptation:
Ensuring every person on earth is protected by an early warning system by 2027, and that early warning leads to early action;
听
And delivering adequate adaptation finance.
Developed countries must clarify how they will honour the promised $40 billion a year in adaptation finance by 2025. And they must show how the adaptation finance gap will be closed.
We also need substantial contributions to the new Loss and Damage Fund established at COP28.
And we need to support local institutions to take the lead in reducing disaster risk in their areas.
Cinqui猫mement, nous devons agir en mati猫re de financement.
La r茅alisation des Objectifs de d茅veloppement durable repr茅sente sans conteste le meilleur moyen de pr茅venir les conflits.
Mais cela demande des investissements.
Aujourd鈥檋ui, accabl茅s par la crise du co没t de la vie et des niveaux d鈥檈ndettement insoutenables, de nombreux pays en d茅veloppement ne peuvent tout simplement pas se permettre d鈥檌nvestir dans l鈥檃ction climatique, dans des syst猫mes alimentaires r茅silients ou d鈥檃utres priorit茅s en mati猫re de d茅veloppement durable.
J鈥檃i propos茅 un Plan de relance des Objectifs de d茅veloppement durable 鈥 脿 hauteur de 500 milliards de dollars par an 鈥 pour un financement abordable et 脿 long terme du d茅veloppement durable et de l'action climatique.
Pour cela, il faut prendre des mesures urgentes en mati猫re de dette 鈥 en accordant du r茅pit aux pays qui devront faire face 脿 des remboursements 茅crasants au cours des trois prochaines ann茅es.
Il faut 茅galement recapitaliser les banques multilat茅rales de d茅veloppement et changer leurs mod猫les 茅conomiques afin de leur permettre de mobiliser bien plus de financements priv茅s 脿 un co没t raisonnable pour les pays en d茅veloppement.
Dans le m锚me temps, les pays en d茅veloppement doivent donner la priorit茅 aux d茅penses relatives 脿 la r茅alisation des Objectifs de d茅veloppement durable.
Il est affligeant de voir des gouvernements d茅penser sans compter dans l鈥檃rmement, tout en r茅duisant en peau de chagrin les budgets consacr茅s 脿 la s茅curit茅 alimentaire, 脿 l鈥檃ction climatique et au d茅veloppement durable en g茅n茅ral.
Enfin, nous devons cibler les points de convergence entre l鈥檌ns茅curit茅 alimentaire, le climat et les conflits.
Nous devons cr茅er des partenariats, des politiques publiques et des programmes qui permettent de r茅pondre 脿 ces enjeux de fa莽on simultan茅e.
Par exemple, en prenant en compte les risques climatiques et la s茅curit茅 alimentaire dans la consolidation de la paix, ou en investissant dans des programmes d鈥檃daptation climatique qui aident les populations 脿 g茅rer les ressources communes.
Le M茅canisme de s茅curit茅 climatique des Nations Unies a 茅t茅 con莽u pour prendre en compte les liens entre le climat, la paix et la s茅curit茅 dans notre travail.
L'initiative Convergence a 茅t茅 lanc茅e l'ann茅e derni猫re pour aider les pays 脿 associer l'action climatique et la transformation des syst猫mes alimentaires.
Nous devons 茅galement veiller 脿 ce que le financement de l鈥檃ction climatique atteigne les personnes et les lieux en proie 脿 des conflits. Le Fonds pour la consolidation de la paix peut servir de catalyseur afin de mobiliser d鈥檃utres partenaires et faire de cette ambition une r茅alit茅.
Et je demande au Conseil de s茅curit茅 de r茅fl茅chir 脿 la meilleure fa莽on de faire face aux menaces interd茅pendantes sur le climat, la s茅curit茅 alimentaire et la paix et la s茅curit茅 internationales.
Excellencies,
The message is clear:听 we can break the deadly nexus of hunger, climate chaos, and conflict. And quell the threat they pose to international peace and security.
Let鈥檚 act to do so and build a liveable, sustainable future, free from hunger, and free from the scourge of war.
Thank you.
*
[all-English]
Mr President, Excellencies,
I thank the Government of Guyana for bringing us together to focus on the impact of the climate crisis and food insecurity on global peace and security.
Climate chaos and food crises are serious and mounting threats to global peace and security.
It is only right that they are addressed by this Council.
A global food crisis is creating a hellscape of hunger and heartache for many of the world鈥檚 poorest people.听
And the climate crisis is accelerating with a deadly force 鈥 last year was the hottest ever.
Both these facts undermine peace.
Empty bellies fuel unrest.
In Portugal, we have a saying: 鈥淚n a house with no bread, everyone argues, and no one is right.鈥
Climate disasters and conflict both inflame inequalities, imperil livelihoods, and force people from their homes.
That can strain relations, stoke mistrust, and sow discontent.听
While diminished resources and mass displacement can intensify competition.
Conflict can easily be sparked where tensions are high, institutions are weak, and people are marginalised.
And women and girls pay the highest price. Just as they do when food is short and climate disasters hit.
Excellencies,
At the same time, climate and conflict are two leading drivers of [our] global food crisis.
Where wars rage, hunger reigns 鈥 whether due to displacement of people, destruction of agriculture, damage to infrastructure, or deliberate policies of denial.
Meanwhile, climate chaos is imperilling food production the world over.
Floods and droughts destroy crops, ocean changes disrupt fishing, rising seas degrade land and freshwater, and shifting weather patterns ruin harvests and spawn pests.
Climate and conflict were the main causes of acute food insecurity for almost 174 million people in 2022.
And in many cases, they collide to hit communities with a double blow.
Excellencies,
I am dismayed to say that our world today is teeming with examples of the devastating relationship between hunger and conflict.
In Syria, almost thirteen million people go to bed hungry after a decade of war and a horrendous earthquake.
In Myanmar, conflict and political instability have thrown progress towards ending hunger into reverse.
In Gaza, no one has enough to eat.
Of the 700,000 hungriest people in the world, four in five inhabit that tiny strip of land.
In many places, climate disasters add another dimension.
Every one of the fourteen countries most at risk from climate change are suffering conflict. Thirteen of them face humanitarian crisis this year.
In Haiti, hurricanes combine with violence and lawlessness to create a humanitarian crisis for millions.
In Ethiopia, drought comes hot on the heels of war. Almost sixteen million people are estimated to require food assistance this year.
And refugees from the conflict in neighbouring Sudan are adding pressure on already scarce resources.
听
In the Sahel, rising temperatures are raising tensions:
Drying-up water resources, wrecking grazing land, and ruining smallholder agriculture 鈥 the staple of local economies.
Against a backdrop of longstanding political instability, conflict between farmers and herders is the result.
Meanwhile, globally, we risk a resurgence of food inflation as droughts sap the Panama Canal and violence hits the Red Sea 鈥 throwing supply chains into disarray.
Excellencies,
Without action, the situation will deteriorate.
Conflicts are multiplying.
The climate crisis is set to spiral, as emissions continue to rise.
And acute food insecurity has been increasing year on year.
The World Food Programme estimates that over 330 million people were affected in 2023. And it has warned of an acute deterioration in eighteen 鈥渉unger hotspots鈥 early this year.
To avoid mounting threats to international peace and security, we must step in. And act now to break the deadly links between conflict, climate and food insecurity.
听
First, all parties to all conflicts must abide by international humanitarian law.
Far too often, this is not the case.
Security Council Resolution 2417 on the protection of civilians in armed conflict is clear: goods essential to civilians鈥 survival must be protected. Starvation of civilians may constitute a war crime. And humanitarians must have unimpeded access to civilians in need.
This Council has a critical role in demanding compliance, and holding those who breach the resolution to account.听
Second, we must fund humanitarian operations in full 鈥 to prevent disaster and conflict from feeding hunger.
Last year, humanitarian operations were less than 40 percent funded.
Around a third of the money for these operations was earmarked for tackling food insecurity.
Third, we must create the conditions to resolve conflict and preserve peace 鈥 within countries and between countries.
Exclusion, inequalities and poverty all increase the risk of conflict.
Turbocharging progress towards the Sustainable Development Goals 鈥 including our goal of zero hunger 鈥 is the answer.
We need massive investment in a just transformation to healthy, equitable and sustainable food systems.
And we need governments, business and society working together to make such systems a reality.
Today we see a grotesque disparity between allocation and need 鈥 globally almost a third of food is wasted while hundreds of millions of people go to bed hungry every night.
And food consumption, production and distribution are responsible for around a third of global greenhouse gas emissions.
We must create food systems that feed the planet without wrecking the planet.
That means aligning climate action and food systems transformation 鈥 as I called for at the UN Food System Stocktake last July 鈥 to help secure sustainable development, good livelihoods, and healthy people on a healthy planet.
听
This requires working together, and bringing all people 鈥 women, young people and marginalized communities 鈥 into decision-making.
We must also build and finance social protection systems to protect livelihoods and ensure basic access to services and resources.
And we must strengthen and renew global peace and security frameworks.
It is vital that we make the most of the Summit of the Future later this year, where Member States will consider the proposed New Agenda for 探花精选.
This presents a comprehensive vision for peace in our changing world, based on prevention and international law, and anchored in human rights.
And it recognizes the links between sustainable development, climate action, and peace.
Fourth, we must get a grip on the climate crisis to limit the rise in global temperature to 1.5 degrees Celsius.
Because climate action is action for food security and action for peace.
G20 nations must lead a just global phase out of fossil fuels, in line with the principle of common but differentiated responsibilities and respective capabilities, in the light of different national circumstances.
And all countries must create ambitious new national climate action plans 鈥 or nationally determined contributions 鈥 by 2025, that align with the 1.5-degree limit.
We must also get serious about adaptation:
Ensuring every person on earth is protected by an early warning system by 2027, and that early warning leads to early action;
听
And delivering adequate adaptation finance.
Developed countries must clarify how they will honour the promised $40 billion a year in adaptation finance by 2025. And they must show how the adaptation finance gap will be closed.
We also need substantial contributions to the new Loss and Damage Fund established at COP28.
And we need to support local institutions to take the lead in reducing disaster risk in their areas.
Fifth, we must take action on finance.
The best conflict prevention tool, bar none, is the Sustainable Development Goals.
They need investment.
Today, a cost-of-living crisis, and unsustainable levels of debt mean that many developing countries simply cannot afford to invest in climate action, resilient food systems, or other sustainable development priorities.
I have proposed an SDG Stimulus of $500 billion a year in affordable, long-term finance for sustainable development and climate action.
That includes urgent action on debt 鈥 breathing space for countries facing crippling repayment over the next three years will be critical.
We also need to recapitalize the Multilateral Development Banks and to change their business models to enable them to leverage far more private finance at reasonable cost for developing countries.听
And we need developing countries to prioritise spending on the Sustainable Development Goals.听
It is distressing to see governments spending heavily on arms, while starving budgets for food security, climate action, and broader sustainable development.
Finally, we need to target the points at which food insecurity, climate and conflict meet.
We must create partnerships, policies and programmes that address these issues together.
For example, by taking climate risk and food security into account in peacebuilding, or investing in adaptation programs that support communities to manage shared resources.
The United Nations Climate Security Mechanism is designed to address the links between climate, peace and security in our work.
And the Convergence Initiative was launched last year to support countries to bring together climate action and food system transformation.
We must also ensure climate finance reaches people and places plagued by conflict. The United Nations 探花精选building Fund can be a catalyst mobilizing other partners to help make this a reality.
And I urge the Security Council to consider how it can best address the interlinked threats to climate, food security and international peace and security.
Excellencies,
The message is clear:听 we can break the deadly nexus of hunger, climate chaos, and conflict. And quell the threat they pose to international peace and security.
Let鈥檚 act to do so and build a liveable, sustainable future, free from hunger, and free from the scourge of war.
Thank you.
*
[all-French]
Monsieur le Pr茅sident, Excellences,
Je remercie le Gouvernement du Guyana de nous avoir r茅unis aujourd鈥檋ui pour examiner les effets de la crise climatique et de l鈥檌ns茅curit茅 alimentaire sur la paix et la s茅curit茅 mondiales.
Le chaos climatique et les crises alimentaires font peser des menaces de plus en plus graves sur la paix et la s茅curit茅.
Il est donc tout 脿 fait l茅gitime que ces questions soient trait茅es par le Conseil de s茅curit茅.
La crise alimentaire mondiale et son cort猫ge de famines et de souffrances font vivre un v茅ritable enfer 脿 de nombreuses personnes parmi les plus pauvres de la plan猫te.
La crise climatique s鈥檃cc茅l猫re avec une puissance meurtri猫re 鈥 l鈥檃nn茅e derni猫re a 茅t茅 la plus chaude jamais enregistr茅e.
Ces deux crises compromettent la paix.
La famine favorise les troubles.
Au Portugal, nous avons un dicton qui dit que 芦听quand il n鈥檡 a pas de pain 脿 la maison, tout le monde se dispute et personne n鈥檃 raison听禄.
Les catastrophes climatiques et les conflits exacerbent les in茅galit茅s, mettent en p茅ril les moyens de subsistance et obligent les populations 脿 quitter leur foyer.
Cela peut cr茅er des tensions, alimenter la m茅fiance et provoquer le m茅contentement.
Et la diminution des ressources et les d茅placements massifs peuvent intensifier la concurrence.
Des conflits peuvent 茅clater facilement lorsque les tensions sont fortes, les institutions faibles et les populations marginalis茅es.
Ce sont les femmes et les filles qui paient le plus lourd tribut. Elles sont 茅galement les premi猫res touch茅es lorsque la nourriture vient 脿 manquer et que des catastrophes climatiques surviennent.
Excellences,
Le climat et les conflits sont deux des principaux moteurs de la crise alimentaire mondiale.
L脿 o霉 les guerres font rage, la faim pr茅vaut 鈥 que ce soit en raison des d茅placements de population, de la destruction de l鈥檃griculture, des dommages caus茅s aux infrastructures ou des politiques de d茅ni d茅lib茅r茅es.
Dans le m锚me temps, le chaos climatique met en p茅ril la production alimentaire partout dans le monde.
Les inondations et les s茅cheresses d茅truisent les cultures, les changements oc茅aniques perturbent la p锚che, l鈥櫭﹍茅vation du niveau de la mer d茅grade les terres et les sources d鈥檈au douce, et les variations climatiques ruinent les r茅coltes et favorisent l鈥檃pparition de nuisibles.
En 2022, le climat et les conflits ont 茅t茅 les premi猫res causes d鈥檌ns茅curit茅 alimentaire aigu毛 pour pr猫s de 174 millions de personnes.
Dans de nombreux cas, ces facteurs se combinent pour frapper deux fois plus durement les populations.
Excellences,
Je suis constern茅 par les nombreux exemples illustrant le lien d茅vastateur qui existe entre faim et conflits dans le monde dans lequel nous vivons.
En Syrie, pr猫s de 13 millions de personnes se couchent le ventre vide apr猫s une d茅cennie de guerre et un terrible tremblement de terre.
Au Myanmar, les conflits et l鈥檌nstabilit茅 politique ont entra卯n茅 un recul des progr猫s accomplis sur la voie de l鈥櫭﹍imination de la faim.
脌 Gaza, personne ne mange 脿 sa faim.
Parmi les 700 000 personnes qui souffrent le plus de la faim dans le monde, quatre sur cinq vivent sur cette minuscule bande de terre.
Dans de nombreux endroits, les catastrophes climatiques ajoutent encore une dimension suppl茅mentaire au probl猫me.
Les quatorze pays les plus menac茅s par les changements climatiques sont tous en proie 脿 un conflit. Treize d鈥檈ntre eux font face 脿 une crise humanitaire cette ann茅e.
En Ha茂ti, les ouragans viennent aggraver la violence et l鈥檃narchie pour engendrer une crise humanitaire qui touche des millions de personnes.
En 脡thiopie, la s茅cheresse succ猫de directement 脿 la guerre. On estime que pr猫s de 16 millions de personnes auront besoin d鈥檜ne aide alimentaire cette ann茅e.
Les r茅fugi茅s du conflit au Soudan voisin font peser une pression suppl茅mentaire sur des ressources d茅j脿 limit茅es.
Au Sahel, la hausse des temp茅ratures provoque des tensions听:
Elle entra卯ne l鈥檃ss猫chement des sources d鈥檈au, la destruction des p芒turages et la ruine des petites exploitations agricoles, composantes essentielles des 茅conomies locales.
Dans un contexte d鈥檌nstabilit茅 politique durable, tout cela donne lieu 脿 des conflits entre agriculteurs et 茅leveurs.
Parall猫lement 脿 cela, le monde risque de subir une nouvelle hausse du prix des denr茅es alimentaires 脿 l鈥檋eure o霉 l鈥檃cc猫s au canal de Panama est restreint du fait des s茅cheresses et o霉 la violence se r茅pand en mer Rouge, ce qui s猫me la confusion dans les cha卯nes d鈥檃pprovisionnement.
Excellences,
Si nous restons les bras crois茅s, la situation continuera de se d茅grader.
Les conflits se multiplient.
La crise climatique ne peut que d茅g茅n茅rer 脿 mesure que les 茅missions continuent d鈥檃ugmenter.
L鈥檌ns茅curit茅 alimentaire aigu毛 s鈥檃ggrave d鈥檃nn茅e en ann茅e.
Le Programme alimentaire mondial estime que plus de 330 millions de personnes ont 茅t茅 touch茅es en 2023. Il a 茅galement mis en garde contre une grave d茅t茅rioration de la situation dans dix-huit 芦听foyers de famine听禄 au d茅but de cette ann茅e.
Pour 茅viter cette multiplication des menaces contre la paix et la s茅curit茅 internationales, nous devons intervenir. Et agir imm茅diatement pour rompre les liens funestes qui existent entre les conflits, le climat et l鈥檌ns茅curit茅 alimentaire.
Premi猫rement, toutes les parties 脿 tous les conflits doivent respecter le droit international humanitaire.
Bien trop souvent, elles ne le font pas.
La r茅solution 2417 (2018) du Conseil de s茅curit茅 sur la protection des civils en p茅riode de conflit arm茅 est claire听: les biens essentiels 脿 la survie des civils doivent 锚tre prot茅g茅s. Affamer des civils peut constituer un crime de guerre. Et le personnel humanitaire doit pouvoir acc茅der librement aux civils dans le besoin.
Le Conseil de s茅curit茅 a un r么le essentiel 脿 jouer pour ce qui est d鈥檈xiger le respect de cette r茅solution et d鈥檃mener ceux qui enfreignent ses dispositions 脿 rendre des comptes.
Deuxi猫mement, nous devons financer int茅gralement les op茅rations humanitaires afin d鈥櫭﹙iter que les catastrophes et les conflits n鈥檈xacerbent encore la faim.
L鈥檃n dernier, les op茅rations humanitaires ont 茅t茅 financ茅es 脿 moins de 40听%.
Environ le tiers des fonds destin茅s 脿 ces op茅rations a 茅t茅 pr茅affect茅 脿 la lutte contre l鈥檌ns茅curit茅 alimentaire.
Troisi猫mement, nous devons cr茅er les conditions n茅cessaires au r猫glement des conflits et 脿 la pr茅servation de la paix, au sein des pays et entre eux.
L鈥檈xclusion, les in茅galit茅s et la pauvret茅 augmentent le risque de conflit.
La solution consiste 脿 redoubler d鈥檃rdeur sur la voie de la r茅alisation des objectifs de d茅veloppement durable, notamment de l鈥檕bjectif visant 脿 茅liminer la faim.
Nous devons investir massivement dans une transformation juste qui favorise des syst猫mes alimentaires sains, 茅quitables et durables.
Les gouvernements, les entreprises et les soci茅t茅s doivent travailler de concert pour faire en sorte que ces syst猫mes deviennent une r茅alit茅.
Aujourd鈥檋ui, nous constatons une disparit茅 choquante entre la r茅partition des ressources et les besoins听: au niveau mondial, pr猫s d鈥檜n tiers des denr茅es alimentaires sont gaspill茅es, alors que des centaines de millions de personnes se couchent chaque soir le ventre vide.
La consommation, la production et la distribution des denr茅es alimentaires sont responsables d鈥檈nviron un tiers des 茅missions mondiales de gaz 脿 effet de serre.
Nous devons mettre en place des syst猫mes alimentaires qui nourrissent l鈥檋umanit茅 sans d茅truire la plan猫te.
Cela signifie qu鈥檌l faut faire converger l鈥檃ction climatique et la transformation des syst猫mes alimentaires, comme je l鈥檃i demand茅 en juillet dernier 脿 l鈥檕ccasion du bilan 脿 l鈥櫭ヽhelle des Nations Unies sur la transformation des syst猫mes alimentaires, afin de contribuer 脿 garantir le d茅veloppement durable et des moyens de subsistance d茅cents et 脿 assurer la bonne sant茅 de l鈥檋umanit茅 et de la plan猫te.
Pour ce faire, nous devons travailler main dans la main et faire participer toutes les populations 鈥撎齨otamment les femmes, les jeunes et les communaut茅s marginalis茅es听鈥 脿 la prise de d茅cision.
Nous devons 茅galement mettre en place et financer des syst猫mes de protection sociale afin de prot茅ger les moyens de subsistance et de garantir un acc猫s minimum aux services et aux ressources.
Et nous devons renforcer et renouveler les cadres relatifs 脿 la paix et 脿 la s茅curit茅 mondiales.
Il est essentiel que nous tirions le meilleur parti du Sommet de l鈥檃venir qui se tiendra plus tard dans l鈥檃nn茅e, au cours duquel les 脡tats Membres examineront le Nouvel Agenda pour la paix.
Cet instrument pr茅sente une vision globale de la paix dans un monde en constante 茅volution, fond茅e sur la pr茅vention et le droit international et ancr茅e dans les droits humains.
En outre, il tient compte des liens qui existent entre le d茅veloppement durable, l鈥檃ction climatique et la paix.
Quatri猫mement, nous devons ma卯triser la crise climatique afin de limiter la hausse de la temp茅rature mondiale 脿 1,5 degr茅 Celsius.
Parce qu鈥檃gir pour le climat, c鈥檈st agir pour la s茅curit茅 alimentaire et agir pour la paix.
Les nations du G20 doivent montrer la voie en direction de l鈥檃bandon progressif et juste des combustibles fossiles 脿 l鈥櫭ヽhelle mondiale, conform茅ment au principe des responsabilit茅s communes mais diff茅renci茅es et des capacit茅s respectives, eu 茅gard aux contextes nationaux diff茅rents.
D鈥檌ci 脿 2025, tous les pays doivent 茅laborer de nouveaux plans d鈥檃ction nationaux pour le climat, ou fixer de nouvelles contributions d茅termin茅es au niveau national, en faisant preuve d鈥檃mbition et en veillant 脿 锚tre en phase avec la limite de 1,5 degr茅.
Nous devons 茅galement nous pencher s茅rieusement sur la question de l鈥檃daptation听:
Il faut que chaque personne sur terre soit prot茅g茅e par un dispositif d鈥檃lerte rapide d鈥檌ci 脿 2027, et que les alertes rapides donnent lieu 脿 des interventions rapides听;
Et il faut financer l鈥檃daptation comme il se doit.
Les pays d茅velopp茅s doivent pr茅ciser de quelle mani猫re ils pr茅voient d鈥檋onorer leur promesse d鈥檃llouer 40 milliards de dollars par an au financement de l鈥檃daptation d鈥檌ci 脿 2025. Ils doivent aussi expliquer comment le d茅ficit de financement sera combl茅.
Nous avons 茅galement besoin de contributions substantielles au nouveau fonds pour les pertes et les pr茅judices, 茅tabli 脿 la COP28.
Et nous devons aider les institutions locales 脿 prendre l鈥檌nitiative de r茅duire les risques de catastrophe dans leur r茅gion.
Cinqui猫mement, nous devons agir en mati猫re de financement.
La r茅alisation des Objectifs de d茅veloppement durable repr茅sente sans conteste le meilleur moyen de pr茅venir les conflits.
Mais cela demande des investissements.
Aujourd鈥檋ui, accabl茅s par la crise du co没t de la vie et des niveaux d鈥檈ndettement insoutenables, de nombreux pays en d茅veloppement ne peuvent tout simplement pas se permettre d鈥檌nvestir dans l鈥檃ction climatique, dans des syst猫mes alimentaires r茅silients ou d鈥檃utres priorit茅s en mati猫re de d茅veloppement durable.
J鈥檃i propos茅 un Plan de relance des Objectifs de d茅veloppement durable 鈥 脿 hauteur de 500 milliards de dollars par an 鈥 pour un financement abordable et 脿 long terme du d茅veloppement durable et de l'action climatique.
Pour cela, il faut prendre des mesures urgentes en mati猫re de dette 鈥 en accordant du r茅pit aux pays qui devront faire face 脿 des remboursements 茅crasants au cours des trois prochaines ann茅es.
Il faut 茅galement recapitaliser les banques multilat茅rales de d茅veloppement et changer leurs mod猫les 茅conomiques afin de leur permettre de mobiliser bien plus de financements priv茅s 脿 un co没t raisonnable pour les pays en d茅veloppement.
Dans le m锚me temps, les pays en d茅veloppement doivent donner la priorit茅 aux d茅penses relatives 脿 la r茅alisation des Objectifs de d茅veloppement durable.
Il est affligeant de voir des gouvernements d茅penser sans compter dans l鈥檃rmement, tout en r茅duisant en peau de chagrin les budgets consacr茅s 脿 la s茅curit茅 alimentaire, 脿 l鈥檃ction climatique et au d茅veloppement durable en g茅n茅ral.
Enfin, nous devons cibler les points de convergence entre l鈥檌ns茅curit茅 alimentaire, le climat et les conflits.
Nous devons cr茅er des partenariats, des politiques publiques et des programmes qui permettent de r茅pondre 脿 ces enjeux de fa莽on simultan茅e.
Par exemple, en prenant en compte les risques climatiques et la s茅curit茅 alimentaire dans la consolidation de la paix, ou en investissant dans des programmes d鈥檃daptation climatique qui aident les populations 脿 g茅rer les ressources communes.
Le M茅canisme de s茅curit茅 climatique des Nations Unies a 茅t茅 con莽u pour prendre en compte les liens entre le climat, la paix et la s茅curit茅 dans notre travail.
L'initiative Convergence a 茅t茅 lanc茅e l'ann茅e derni猫re pour aider les pays 脿 associer l'action climatique et la transformation des syst猫mes alimentaires.
Nous devons 茅galement veiller 脿 ce que le financement de l鈥檃ction climatique atteigne les personnes et les lieux en proie 脿 des conflits. Le Fonds pour la consolidation de la paix peut servir de catalyseur afin de mobiliser d鈥檃utres partenaires et faire de cette ambition une r茅alit茅.
Et je demande au Conseil de s茅curit茅 de r茅fl茅chir 脿 la meilleure fa莽on de faire face aux menaces interd茅pendantes sur le climat, la s茅curit茅 alimentaire et la paix et la s茅curit茅 internationales.
Excellences,
Le message est clair听: nous pouvons briser le lien funeste qui existe entre la faim, le chaos climatique et les conflits. Et conjurer la menace que ces calamit茅s font peser sur la paix et la s茅curit茅 internationales.
Il est temps d鈥檃gir pour y parvenir et pour b芒tir un avenir vivable et durable, dans lequel l鈥檋umanit茅 sera d茅barrass茅e de la faim et du fl茅au de la guerre.
Je vous remercie.
听